European mink, mountain chicken and African wild dog are among the 10 species named in a 2025 Species to Watch list by international nature conservation charity Fauna & Flora.
The list highlights some of the world’s most unique and critically threatened species and outlines the ongoing work with global partners to safeguard these species and the vital conservation efforts needed to ensure their survival.
Kristian Teleki, CEO of Fauna & Flora, said: “The nature loss crisis is more urgent than ever, with countless species teetering on the brink of extinction – threatening the ecosystems that sustain our food, water, and livelihoods. However, 2024 saw setbacks for global conservation efforts, including delays to the Global Plastics Treaty and a failure to mobilise resources at COP16, leaving many, including myself, frustrated.
“Despite these challenges, there is progress to celebrate. Breakthroughs in aligning Nature and Climate COP processes and recognising the roles of Indigenous Peoples and local communities in conservation provide hope. Locally driven, partnership-focused efforts are crucial, and together with our global network, we’re working tirelessly to protect species at risk", she added.
2025 species to watch
European mink
One of Europe’s most critically endangered mammals, the European mink (Mustela lutreola) faces threats from habitat loss, hunting, and competition with invasive American mink. The charity is working with conservationists in Romania to conduct field surveys and support freshwater restoration to reconnect fragmented habitats.
Antillean manatee
Known as “sea cows,” manatees (Trichechus manatusare) threatened by habitat destruction along riverbanks. In Honduras, conservationists are supporting a recovery plan to protect manatees and restore mangrove forests through collaboration with local partner FUCSA.
Grey-shanked douc langur
Hunted for meat and the pet trade, this rare primate survives in dwindling forest patches in Vietnam. Fauna & Flora has identified Ba To forest as home to over 100 individuals, the third-largest known population of grey-shanked douc langur (Pygathrix cinerea), and is working to secure formal protection for this critical habitat.
Nguru spiny pygmy chameleon
This tiny Tanzanian lizard, no larger than a paperclip, is threatened by habitat loss and illegal trade. Fauna & Flora, alongside the Conservation Leadership Programme, is working to protect the Nguru spiny pygmy chameleon (Rhampholeon acuminatus) and its montane forest habitat.
Steppe tortoise
Once a space explorer, this Central Asian tortoise is now heavily traded and declining in numbers. Work is undergoing to collaborate with regional partners to tackle trafficking and reassess its conservation status.
Great hornbill
Dependent on undisturbed forests, the great hornbill (Buceros bicornis) is finding refuge in Myanmar’s Arakan Mountains. Initiatives include habitat protection through partnerships with local communities and coffee producers.
African wild dog
These endangered carnivores require vast territories and face habitat fragmentation. In South Sudan, researchers have documented their presence using camera traps and patrols, laying the groundwork for future protection.
Mountain Chicken
One of the world’s largest frogs, this species is critically endangered. Efforts in Dominica and Montserrat include habitat protection, breeding programs, and disaster preparedness to ensure the mountain chicken's (Leptodactylus fallax) survival.
Whale Shark
The whale shark (Rhincodon typus) is the largest fish in the ocean and faces threats from fishing, boat collisions, and climate change. Engaging with coastal communities in Myanmar, Honduras, and São Tomé and Príncipe work is undergoing to implement protective measures for these gentle giants.
New Magnolia species (Magnolia ciroorum)
Discovered in Honduras, this tree species is critically endangered, with only 13 known individuals. Fauna & Flora is racing to locate more and safeguard their habitat in Pico Bonito National Park.